Template:Infobox calcium

	child table, as reused in {IB-Ca} v; e; h;
Main isotopes of calcium

Calcium, ₂₀Ca
	Crystals of silvery calcium metal in a glass vial
Calcium
Appearance	dull gray, silver; with a pale yellow tint
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ca)
	40.078±0.004; 40.078±0.004 (abridged);
Calcium in the periodic table
Atomic number (Z)	20
Group	group 2 (alkaline earth metals)
Period	period 4
Block	s-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 4s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1115 K (842 °C, 1548 °F)
Boiling point	1757 K (1484 °C, 2703 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	1.526 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	1.378 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	8.54 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	154.7 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.929 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +2; +1
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.00
Ionization energies	1st: 589.8 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1145.4 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 4912.4 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 197 pm
Covalent radius	176±10 pm
Van der Waals radius	231 pm
	Color lines in a spectral rangeSpectral lines of calcium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constant	Face-centered cubic crystal structure for calciuma = 558.8 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	22.27×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	201 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	33.6 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+40.0×10−6 cm3/mol
Young's modulus	20 GPa
Shear modulus	7.4 GPa
Bulk modulus	17 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	3810 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	1.75
Brinell hardness	170–416 MPa
CAS Number	7440-70-2
History
Naming	from the Latin word for lime, calx
Discovery and first isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
Isotopes of calcium v; e;
	File:Symbol category class.svg Category: Calcium; view; talk; edit; \| references

Ca · Calcium
K ← ibox K	^iso ₂₀Ca [e] IB-Ca [e] IBisos [e]	→ Sc ibox Sc
File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Ca (0) File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Ca-isotopes (0) Commons Wikidata:Q706 File:Wiktionary-logo.svg Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) v e

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers	view edit
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	caption: view edit alt: view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table: v )

References

↑ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 112. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Calcium". CIAAW. 1983.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
↑ Calcium(I) has been obtained as a dinuclear organometallic complex with an arene dianion, see Krieck, Sven; Görls, Helmar; Yu, Lian; Reiher, Markus; Westerhausen, Matthias (2009). "Stable "Inverse" Sandwich Complex with Unprecedented Organocalcium(I): Crystal Structures of [(thf)2Mg(Br)-C6H2-2,4,6-Ph3] and [(thf)3Ca{μ-C6H3-1,3,5-Ph3}Ca(thf)3]". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131 (8): 2977–2985. doi:10.1021/ja808524y..
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

Two of these are named references. They may be cited in the containing article as

<ref name="CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})
<ref name="West" /> for the source edited by Kneck et al.

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[1] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 112. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[CIAAWcalcium-2] "Standard Atomic Weights: Calcium". CIAAW. 1983.

[CIAAW2021-3] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Arblaster_2018-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[West-5] Calcium(I) has been obtained as a dinuclear organometallic complex with an arene dianion, see Krieck, Sven; Görls, Helmar; Yu, Lian; Reiher, Markus; Westerhausen, Matthias (2009). "Stable "Inverse" Sandwich Complex with Unprecedented Organocalcium(I): Crystal Structures of [(thf)2Mg(Br)-C6H2-2,4,6-Ph3] and [(thf)3Ca{μ-C6H3-1,3,5-Ph3}Ca(thf)3]". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131 (8): 2977–2985. doi:10.1021/ja808524y..

[6] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[NUBASE2020-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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